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1 – 10 of over 14000Georgia Till, Iduna Shah-Beckley, Joel Harvey and Maisie Kells
A key aspect of psychologically informed planned environments (PIPEs), are the attachment theory-informed relationships between residents and staff (Bainbridge, 2017). The…
Abstract
Purpose
A key aspect of psychologically informed planned environments (PIPEs), are the attachment theory-informed relationships between residents and staff (Bainbridge, 2017). The key-work provision of one-to-one support from officers to residents is one of the main ways through which relationships are formed. The purpose of this paper is to explore prison officers’ experiences of the key-work role within a PIPE in a women’s Prison in England.
Design/methodology/approach
Semi-structured interviews explored ten prison officers’ experiences. Interviews were analysed using thematic analysis.
Findings
Five main themes were identified; “Professional support”, “Negotiating Professional Boundaries”, “A Successful Relationship”, “Rupture and Repair” and “Growth for Everyone”. These themes reflected the framework around keywork; what support officers need to cope with the emotional demands of the role, and how to manage challenging situations and build meaningful key-work relationships.
Research limitations/implications
Limitations include the lack of focus on diversity, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on officer experience and applicability to other PIPE services. Future research could address some of these limitations.
Practical implications
Practical implications highlight the need for consistent supervision, greater consideration of officers’ transition to the role and trauma-informed training.
Originality/value
The research provides an unprecedented account of prison officers’ experiences of the key-work role, adding to the limited literature within PIPEs in the women’s estate. The supportive nature of the key-work relationship was perceived by officers to contribute towards people’s sentence progression and officers’ personal and professional development.
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IT has long been the aim of aero‐engine designers to reduce the number of external pipes and this has been accomplished to some degree by the introduction of internal oil and…
Abstract
IT has long been the aim of aero‐engine designers to reduce the number of external pipes and this has been accomplished to some degree by the introduction of internal oil and coolant passages. But for all that, there are still a considerable number of pipes attached to the outside of most aero‐engines and it will be obvious that the correct maintenance of these is of paramount importance.
Jianming Yuan, Xinjun Wu, Yihua Kang and Chen Huang
Damage of oil and gas long‐distance transmission pipelines caused by corrosion, stresses, geological change, and other factors can result in catastrophic failures. The purpose of…
Abstract
Purpose
Damage of oil and gas long‐distance transmission pipelines caused by corrosion, stresses, geological change, and other factors can result in catastrophic failures. The purpose of this paper is to describe a mobile out‐pipe inspection robot for the pipeline inspection.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper adapts to the requirements of long‐distance transmission pipelines on‐site overhaul, the robot developed in this paper utilizes a local magnetic flux leakage testing method for the pipeline inspection. Detection, walking, attachment, steering, and control units are designed for the robot.
Findings
The detection apparatus of the robot plays dual roles as detection and attachment unit. So, the structure of the robot is relatively simple and it is relatively small in size and relatively light.
Practical implications
A prototype of the robot has been manufactured according to the design. Results of the test in lab show the robot can be used to inspect pipe.
Originality/value
The robot is able to scan and inspect the pipeline along the planned route automatically.
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Pipeline systems throughout the world have been receiving increased attention over the last few years. In part, this has been due to the rise in use of new materials, but it is…
Abstract
Pipeline systems throughout the world have been receiving increased attention over the last few years. In part, this has been due to the rise in use of new materials, but it is also the result of the growth in awareness of the need for a reliable supply of clean, potable water.
Javad Abbaszadeh, Herlina Binti Abdul Rahim, Ruzairi Bin Abdul Rahim and Sahar Sarafi
Since the importance role of ultrasonic tomography (UT) in industry, especially in oil industry, to produce noninvasive and nondestructive plane images, research on UT system with…
Abstract
Purpose
Since the importance role of ultrasonic tomography (UT) in industry, especially in oil industry, to produce noninvasive and nondestructive plane images, research on UT system with a metal pipe conveyor is investigated. The produced cross-sectional images are used for detecting the concentration of solid and liquid mixture inside the pipe, noninvasively. In practice, due to application of metal pipes as the conveyor of oil mixture so the capability of manufacturing an UT system with a metal pipe is investigated in this paper. The paper aims to discuss these issues.
Design/methodology/approach
Finite element software (COMSOL Multiphysics 3.5) for visualizing the structure of pipe with mounted sensors on the periphery of the pipe is used. The manner of ultrasonic wave propagation on different layers on various frequencies and finding the time of flight for transmission mode signal and lamb mode signal are achieved by the means of done simulations. Finding the proper ultrasonic sensor base on its efficiency is the main step of designing an UT system. This is done by estimating the resonance frequency of sensor due to the manner of ultrasonic wave propagation in different frequencies shown in simulation results.
Findings
Due to simulation results, lamb wave is a permanent propagation mode of ultrasonic wave which makes interference in measuring process of straight path signal and it is impossible to remove. Relief of the mentioned problem finding an optimum frequency to decrease the affection of lamb wave in detecting point. Optimum frequency of ultrasonic wave to satisfy the objective is 45 kHz which is measured by considering of mathematic of ultrasonic wave propagation in different layers. The reaching time of straight path signal and lamb wave signal in opposite sensor as the receiver are 5.5 and 4.6 μs, respectively.
Originality/value
This investigation is the first step to perform the UT in a noninvasive method to produce the cross-sectional images of metal pipe. Due to the wide application of metal pipes as the conveyor of the liquids/gases, metal pipe for the UT application is studied in this research.
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To develop an in‐pipe robot to be used for inspecting pipes that are laid underneath a waste disposal site and for sampling sewage water leaking from holes around the pipe.
Abstract
Purpose
To develop an in‐pipe robot to be used for inspecting pipes that are laid underneath a waste disposal site and for sampling sewage water leaking from holes around the pipe.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper presents a compact design of the robot's mechanical and electronic systems, and develops a simple and practical method for determining the hole position using some characteristics of this in‐pipe robot.
Findings
Development of a multi‐functional in‐pipe robot with elaborate design is feasible, and multiple trapezoidal‐shaped wheels have good capabilities of providing the robot large traction force and keeping the robot horizontal in pipeline. A good mechanical structure design can greatly reduce control and computation cost by using some specific features of the object system.
Research limitations/implications
This study provides guidance for future design of multi‐functional in‐pipe robots.
Practical implications
The combination of a vision system and a manipulator can perform in‐pipe inspection and other different tasks. The developed robot has already been used practically by a large Japanese construction company for pipe inspection and sewage sampling.
Originality/value
An in‐pipe robot is developed that cannot only implement pipe inspection, but which can also take sewage water samples. Most of such multiple‐functional small robots are still in development and rarely reported.
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Liang Liu, Yuling Zhao, Dongjuan Cheng and Baoguo Ma
Hydraulic conductivity is very low in saline-sodic soil, which decreases water infiltration. For saline-sodic soil, increasing infiltration water has a special meaning. Increasing…
Abstract
Purpose
Hydraulic conductivity is very low in saline-sodic soil, which decreases water infiltration. For saline-sodic soil, increasing infiltration water has a special meaning. Increasing infiltration water not only increases the water in the soil profile but also decreases the salinity of the soil, thus making it suitable for growing crops. This study aims to examine the effect of sand pipes on soil water and salt distribution through laboratory tests with different depths and diameters of sand pipes.
Design/methodology/approach
The soil water and salt distribution responses to different sand pipe depths and diameters was investigated. Treatments included sand pipes with diameters of 4 cm, 5cm, 6 cm and the same depth of 4 cm; with depths of 2cm, 6 cm and the same diameter of 5 cm, and a control with no sand pipe (with the diameter of 0 cm and the depth of 0 cm).
Findings
The results suggested that the amount of cumulative infiltration water and transport distance of the wetting front could be increased by increasing the depth and diameter of sand pipes. The soil water content in the soil profile decreased under all treatments except for the control, whereas the value of EC increased with increasing distance from the film hole center. Positive relationships were also found among the sand pipe depth, diameter and the zone of low salt content. Furthermore, salt leaching depth increased with sand pipe depth and diameter. Overall, the treatments with and without sand pipes exhibited obvious differences.
Originality/value
The correlation analysis proved that increasing the infiltration area through sand pipes positively affected the amount of infiltration water, wetting scope and salt leaching depth.
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Although constant research is being carried out for improvements in the manner of new techniques, materials and every sphere possible to afford the best protection that can be…
Abstract
Although constant research is being carried out for improvements in the manner of new techniques, materials and every sphere possible to afford the best protection that can be provided for every type and size of pipe against the problem of corrosion, whether such corrosion exists or forms internally or externally, or whether it takes the form of erosion of the pipe or as a build‐up of internal encrustation, it may be worth briefly summarising the details of at least one process of internal protection which has stood the test of time in a very definitive manner.
The petroleum industry has been quick to appreciate the possibilities of plastics pipe for handling corrosive fluids and gases, and is now using it in considerable quantities for…
Abstract
The petroleum industry has been quick to appreciate the possibilities of plastics pipe for handling corrosive fluids and gases, and is now using it in considerable quantities for a variety of applications, including the carrying of corrosive chemicals in refinery and petrochemical plant. From a research engineer in America comes the article below reviewing the main types of pipe materials available for such purposes, special attention being paid to the suitability of their properties for specific types of applications. Also included are hints regarding the installation of pipework.
Xiaohong Gui, Xiugan Yuan, Xiange Song and Wq Xu
In this paper, the purpose of research is to verify good thermal performance of heat pipe receiver.
Abstract
Purpose
In this paper, the purpose of research is to verify good thermal performance of heat pipe receiver.
Design/methodology/approach
Mathematical model was set up, numerical calculation method was offered. Calculation results were compared with experimental results, with those of NASA project, and those of the basis heat receiver.
Findings
Simulation results show that heat pipe receiver involving heat pipe has the performance of perfect heat transfer and ideal identical temperature, the axial temperature difference of heat pipe is small, PCM canisters situated in different places of heat pipe can melt simultaneously and uniformly. At the same time, normal operation of wick ensures the uniformity of heat pipe circumference temperature, thus heat pipe receiver avoids phenomena of thermal spot. In addition, heat pipe receiver has axial and radial performance of ideal identical temperature, all PCM canisters can freeze simultaneously at the end of eclipse periods, and freeze fully at last, so heat pipe receiver avoids thermal ratcheting.
Originality/value
The research in this paper can be used to design heat pipe receiver.
Details