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This study aims to explore several challenges in the use of regulatory technologies (RegTech) in Islamic and conventional financial markets and share recommendations in this regard.

A qualitative research methodology was used to identify the existing challenges. Literature was reviewed and analyzed, and seven experts were interviewed or consulted online and their feedback examined. The judgment of the case B2C2 Ltd v Quoine Pte Ltd. was reviewed.

This study reveals a lack of relevant regulatory frameworks capable of meeting some of the evolving challenges, lack of awareness among market players and lack of expertise in RegTech. The list of additional challenges includes the issue of legacy technology, the weaknesses of human programmers and the need for a multifaceted solution for compliance requirements.

This study notes the novelty of RegTech in the financial world, especially in the Islamic financial market. Thus, there is a dearth of relevant literature. This study assists relevant conventional and Islamic financial market entities and authorities in determining the potential impact of RegTech on their respective businesses and the financial system.

This study proffers recommendations to assist in addressing the challenges facing its users and paving the way for innovative solutions that will facilitate and enhance the use of RegTech in financial markets. Regulators and other stakeholders of the financial industry will learn from the challenges identified and can review the recommendations for adoption. Apart from that, the decision of B2C2 Ltd v Quoine has practical implications for RegTech users, as the court in B2C2 Ltd v Quoine accessed the “knowledge” of the programmers of deterministic software at the time of the coding.

RegTech can offer cost-effective and efficient means to comply with regulations and ensure the accuracy of the information provided to regulators. This study provides a better understanding of the challenges associated with its use. The recommendations include enactment of a blueprint for a digitally enabled regulatory framework, creating awareness of RegTech via stakeholder roundtable discussions, development of human talent, formulating human governance standards and finding innovative ways to manage risks.

To address recent cases and the applicable legal principles relating to cryptocurrency, and to contribute to legal thought in this developing area of law.

This article considers recent cryptocurrency related cases in Singapore, Canada and the United Kingdom, and then considers the implications of the developing law in relation to proper causes of action and issues of practical asset recovery relating to the enforcement of judgments.

The intangible and highly movable nature of cryptocurrency places a premium on decisive asset recovery. The cases also suggest that injunctions remain a useful and effective debt recovery tool, especially when coupled with quick investigative action to trace cryptocurrency payments. However, the law remains unsettled as to the most appropriate cause of action for a claim in cryptocurrency or how a debt in cryptocurrency can be subject to execution. These issues raise the fundamental question of the nature of cryptocurrency, whether it belongs to an existing category of property, or if it is sui generis.

Cryptocurrency remains relatively novel and usage is increasing but not widespread. Users of cryptocurrency and lawyers involved in transactions or disputes involving cryptocurrency would benefit from a broader understanding of the legal issues

This article provides expert analysis from experienced litigation lawyers familiar with the concepts behind cryptocurrency.

Precious stones and metals have commonly been used throughout the world as a conduit for terrorism and money laundering activities. Such illicit use of these assets has called for its much-needed attention from a regulatory perspective. This is particularly relevant in a financial haven such as Singapore. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to explore how several of the most common trading and investment activities involving precious stones and metals in Singapore are regulated.

The research explores activities include the trading of – the storing or custodising of – and the current available savings plans involving the use of precious stones and metals. It is based mainly on information collected from various legal sources such as books, domestic legislation and international papers issued by the Financial Action Task Force and the Asia Pacific Group on Money Laundering.

With the author’s findings, the analysis may prove useful for businesses seeking to navigate the regulatory landscape for precious stones and metals in Singapore, for investors seeking to understand the protection offered to them under the regulatory framework and for other jurisdictions seeking to evaluate and refine their existing framework for regulating precious stones and metals.

To the author’s knowledge, this is the first substantive academic study which analyses the regulatory landscape for the use of precious stones and metals under the Singapore Law.