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The relationship between overqualified labor and productivity is questioned in this study. By overqualified labor, it is meant that the labor has more capabilities (education) than the qualifications required by the task. In some cases, like this case, the qualifications of the employees and the qualifications required by the job may not match, and their reflection on productivity may be positive or negative. In the studies conducted in developing countries, such as this study, which reveal the negative relationship of overqualified and low-skilled employees with productivity, unlike the situation in developed countries, has been tried to be explained in this research based on relative deprivation and person–work cohesion. Literature review method is used within the frames of given theories.