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The development of urban underground complexes (UUCs) has great positive significance for improving urban safety. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the key factors of the people's behavior of evacuation route selection (BERS) for fire emergencies and UUCs’ development. This study aims to find out the factors affecting people's BERS in the evacuation process of UUCs.

This study aims to find out the factors affecting people's BERS in the evacuation process of UUCs. To achieve this goal, the authors conducted a field experiment in F City. Furthermore, the people's BERS are obtained by using a structural equation model and compared with the field test results.

The authors found that the key factors for people's BERS are lighting conditions, route distance, flow direction guidance and indication. The results of this study contribute to the safety field by providing key factors for fire emergencies. It can also be used to improve fire safety management, evacuation strategies and assist in the development of intelligent evacuation systems.

The results of this study contribute to the safety field by providing key factors for fire emergencies. It can also be used to improve fire safety management, evacuation strategies and assist in the development of intelligent evacuation systems.

This paper aims to establish a numerical model to calculate contact pressure for rectangular vane sealing surface of hydraulic rotary actuator. Numerical model can be applied to solve the steady-state Reynolds equation after the oil film thickness and the contact pressure distribution curve of the vane sealing surface are obtained.

The authors established the numerical model of contact pressure base on the theory of elastic after, the Reynolds equation is solved by the inverse solution.

The relationship between the oil film thickness of vane sealing surface and the contact pressure on different sealing location for hydraulic rotary actuator is obtained. At the same time, the lubrication state on the surface of seal is also found when the hydraulic rotary actuator runs stably.

The study shows that the lubricating state of the vane sealing surface is mixed lubrication, when the rotor of the hydraulic rotary actuator is running stably at a certain speed. Meanwhile, this research will provide a theory basis for later experiment for the hydraulic rotary vane actuator.

The purpose of this paper is to study the microstructure and the high-temperature tribology behavior of a high-speed steel (HSS) roller material with boron as the main alloy element under different heat treatments, aiming to provide some theoretical references for its engineering application.

The samples of high boron HSS were quenched at 900°C, 1,000°C, 1,050°C and 1,150°C. The microstructure, composition and phase composition of this new HSS were analyzed by OM, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffractometer. The surface hardness and the tribology behavior under high temperature were measured by Rockwell hardness tester and the high-temperature friction and wear tester. The wear morphology was observed by SEM.

The high-temperature friction coefficient and the relative wear rate of the high boron HSS decrease first, then increase with the rise of the quenching temperature. When the quenching temperature is 1,050°C, both the friction coefficient (0.425) and the relative wear rate (79 per cent) are the smallest. Under the high-temperature friction environment, the high boron HSS mainly includes oxidation wear, adhesive wear and abrasive wear. The effect of abrasive wear is weakened gradually with the rise of the quenching temperature, and the high-temperature wear resistance is improved significantly. Compared with the traditional roll materials, the service life of the new high boron HSS is greatly improved. It is an ideal substitute product for the high chromium cast iron roll.

The boron element replaces other precious metals in high boron HSS, which has the advantage of low production cost, and it has a wide application in the field of roll materials. In this paper, the microstructure, the transformation of hard phases and the high-temperature tribology behavior of this new high boron HSS under different heat treatments were studied, aiming to provide some theoretical references for its engineering application.

Eddy currents are inevitable in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems. These currents are mainly induced by gradient fields. This study aims to propose a fast analytical method to calculate eddy currents induced by frequently switching gradient fields in a traditional C-shape MRI system.

Fourier decomposition and magnetic vector potentials were used to calculate the eddy currents. Calculations with the proposed analytical method revealed the spatial distribution and temporal evolution of eddy currents.

Calculation and Maxwell simulation results were consistent. The agreement between calculation and simulation results indicates that increasingly sophisticated structures could be developed. The calculated results could guide the design of improved gradient coils.

Eddy currents induced by gradient current are decomposed into currents induced by each time-harmonic component, and then adding them together to obtain complete contribution of the eddy current. The analytical method was used to characterize the properties of symmetric and asymmetric eddy currents induced by gradient coils in MRI systems. The analytical method can be used to improve the gradient shield during the design of the gradient coil in the MRI system.

This paper aims to obtain a calculation method by hand without iteration.

This paper adopts strains as known quantities to solve the internal forces and deformations of the section, simplifies the deflection curve of the column and obtains nomograms that can calculate the bearing capacity and reinforcement of circular reinforced concrete (RC) columns by hand.

Nomograms include five variables: mechanical reinforcement ratio, relative normal force, dimensionless bending moment, slenderness ratio and ultimate dimensionless curvature. Nomograms corresponding to all classes of concrete have been drawn, and their dimensionless form makes them widely applicable. The calculation results of nomograms are compared and analysed with numerical calculation results, and the difference is within 5%, meeting the engineering requirements.

Calculating the bearing capacity of compression bending components requires considering second-order effects. Therefore, the calculation of the bearing capacity of circular RC columns requires iterative calculation, as it includes dual nonlinearity of material and geometry, and the two are coupled with each other. To calculate the bearing capacity of the section adopting ordinary concrete, it is necessary to solve the transcendental equation iteratively. For high-strength concrete, it can only be solved by numerical integration. A fast calculation method by hand is proposed in this paper.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the evolvement of investors’ behavior in stock market dynamically on the basis of non-cooperative strategy applied by investors in complex networks.

Using modeling and simulation research method, this study designs and conducts a mathematical modeling and its simulation experiment of financial market behavior according to research’s basic norms of complex system theory and methods. Thus the authors acquire needed and credible experimental data.

The conclusions drawn in this paper are as follows. The dynamical evolution of investors’ trading behavior is not only affected by the stock market network structure, but also by the risk dominance degree of certain behavior. The dynamics equilibrium of trading behavior’s evolvement is directly influenced by the risk dominance degree of certain behavior, connectivity degree and the heterogeneity of the stock market networks.

This paper focuses on the dynamical evolvement of investors’ behavior on the basis of the hypothesis that common investors prefer to mimic their network neighbors’ behavior through different analysis by the strategy of anti-coordination game in complex network. While the investors’ preference and the beliefs among them are not easy to quantify, that is deterministic or stochastic as the environment changes, and is heterogeneous definitely. Thus, these limitations should be broken through in the future research.

This paper aims to address the dynamical evolvement of investors’ behavior in stock market networks on the principle of non-cooperative represented by anti-coordination game in networks for the first time, considering that investors prefer to mimic their network neighbors’ behavior through different analysis by the strategy of differential choosing in every time step. The methodology designed and used in this study is a pioneering and exploratory experiment.

The paper aims to build the relationship between an entire function of restricted hyper-order with its linear c-shift operator.

Standard methodology for papers in difference and shift operators and value distribution theory have been used.

The relation between an entire function of restricted hyper-order with its linear c-shift operator was found under the periphery of sharing a set of two small functions IM (ignoring multiplicities) when exponent of convergence of zeros is strictly less than its order. This research work is an improvement and extension of two previous papers.

This is an original research work.

Extant research has paid considerable attention to the effects of enterprise social media (ESM) on employees' work attitudes and outcomes, yet the authors know little about the influence of job demands arising from the implementation of ESM. Drawing on resource allocation theory, the purpose of this study is to unravel how ESM-related job demands influence employee outcomes.

This study conducts a two-wave time-lagged survey of 223 employees from 53 teams in 14 financial service firms in China to test the conceptual model.

The findings of this paper indicate that ESM-related job demands have indirect effects on employee outcomes (i.e. job satisfaction and work–family conflict), and emotional exhaustion plays an intermediary role in these relationships. Specifically, ESM-related job demands have a U-shaped effect on emotional exhaustion.

This study combines job demands with ESM research and clarifies the mechanism behind how ESM-related job demands at different intensity affect employee outcomes from a new perspective. Moreover, this study’s findings suggest several beneficial courses of action for managers to take advantage of ESM.

Significant differences exist in terms of use and demand of urban public space in different districts and communities. In this study, PSPL survey was made in about one year to investigate the type and occurring time of outdoor activities and the visitors' demand difference of Round-City-Park in Xi'an, China. The survey method for collecting data included spatial classification, photographic recording, field observation, questionnaires and interviews. Then a new method of Virtual Typical Day (VTD) was put forward to analyze usage pattern of public space in the daily life. According to our results, laying out more public spaces close to residential area can make a more vigorous city. And the results also reveal that there exist some problems of uneven usage periods in different spaces, various space requirement from different age groups, insufficient support of space and facilities and so on. Based on the survey, an optimizing strategy of adaptive design is proposed such as setting mobile “stage” and providing flexible “props” according to the changing demands. The proposed design approach can encourage people to participate in outdoor activities, improve usage frequency of public spaces, and stimulate vitality of the city. This may also apply to other Chinese cities.

The board independence norm has shaped corporate governance globally, but research on the supply of independent directors (IDs) is limited. “New careers” studies suggest that dynamic non-conventional career paths are evolving, but empirical evidence is mostly limited to Western societies. The authors studied reasons for academics to consider taking on an ID role in firms in China.

Employing a quantitative methodology, data were collected via a survey targeting 1,500 academics, representing a quarter of business-linked academics in China's National Key Universities. The response rate was 55% and, after eliminating irrelevant responses, the sample used comprised 581 academics, 111 of whom have taken on an ID role.

Career orientation and work attitudes play significant roles in decision-making around career success. Becoming an ID can be a rewarding and positive career path for academics who look for additional responsibility, income and impact. This new academic career path manifests in how career actors interact with each other to reach a state of equilibrium in a wider career ecosystem. Appointing academics with relevant knowledge and willingness to create impact can help organisations – both firms and academic institutions.

Becoming an ID can increase future collaborations and success in terms of research and corporate governance, and offer individuals another route to career success.

The results contribute to research on career studies and corporate governance, revealing a new source of talent for firms and a new career path for academics.