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The monolithic and integrative conceptualization of organizational culture is not inherently wrong, but presents a rather limited and simplified version of the dynamics and attributes of culture. The concept of organizational culture can be dismantled to reflect the underlying group cultures. Our understanding of organizational culture in its current, unitary sense may be enhanced by paying attention to its multiple group cultural components. While a single organizational culture can be identified, it generally represents only a small portion of the total cultural environment which is present within the organization. An idiocultural perspective will bring future cultural studies more in line with organizational reality.

The number of hospital providers in the USA is shrinking and the market is becoming increasingly competitive. Many financially challenged hospital institutions are searching for a better way to compete. Contends that strategic alliances offer many attractive solutions for hospital management which include: scale economies, relative low cost for risk sharing and improved efficiency. Argues that the future of alliances focuses on capitation, quality information systems for co‐ordination, and the continuum of care which a strategic alliance can provide to a community.

Does multinational expansion affect product innovation performance? If so, does such a relationship between international diversification and performance vary depending upon the size of the firm? Focusing on the learning and experiential advantages associated with international diversification, we attempt to find answers to these critical questions from a cross‐national perspective. Based on a survey of 179 US and 250 Chinese firms, we find that international markets are important for both US and Chinese firms, but to a greater extent among US firms. The results also indicate that new product performance can vary significantly depending upon international diversity. While US firms can generally expect better new product performance with a growing level of international diversification, Chinese firms may experience deteriorating performance after a certain threshold level. Finally, the firm size effects appear to be significant among Chinese firms, but not in the US sample.